Historically, pigeons carried messages only one way, to their home.
In December 1870, it took ten hours for a pigeon carrying microfilms to fly from Perpignan to Brussels. During the Franco-Prussian War pigeons were used to carry mail between besieged Paris and the French unoccupied territory. The outcome of the 1815 Battle of Waterloo has often been claimed to have been delivered to London by pigeon but there is no evidence for this, and it's very unlikely the pigeon post was rare until the 1820s. In 1860, Paul Reuter, who later founded Reuters press agency, used a fleet of over 45 pigeons to deliver news and stock prices between Brussels and Aachen, the terminus of early telegraph lines. In 1818, a great pigeon race called the Cannonball Run took place at Brussels. The pigeon holes may be seen in the mosque's minarets to this day. Tipu Sultan of Mysore (1750–1799) also used messenger pigeons they returned to the Jamia Masjid mosque in Srirangapatna, which was his headquarters. The Republic of Genoa equipped their system of watch towers in the Mediterranean Sea with pigeon posts. In Damietta, by the mouth of the Nile, the Spanish traveller Pedro Tafur saw carrier pigeons for the first time, in 1436, though he imagined that the birds made round trips, out and back. By 1167 a regular service between Baghdad and Syria had been established by Sultan Nur ad-Din. Messenger pigeons were used as early as 1150 in Baghdad and also later by Genghis Khan. They were used to proclaim the winner of the Ancient Olympics. The sport of flying messenger pigeons was well-established as early as 3000 years ago. By the 19th century homing pigeons were used extensively for military communications. Messages were then tied around the legs of the pigeon, which was freed and could reach its original nest. This is one reason why they are still commonly but erroneously called "carrier pigeons".īy 3000 BC, Egypt was using homing pigeons for pigeon post, taking advantage of a singular quality of this bird, which when taken far from its nest is able to find its way home due to a particularly developed sense of orientation. Modern-day homing pigeons (homers) or racing pigeons ( racing homers) do have "Carrier blood" in them because they are in part descendants of the old-style Carriers. They were used historically to send messages but lost the homing instinct long ago. Messenger pigeons are often incorrectly categorized as English Carrier pigeons, an ancient breed of fancy pigeons. Until the introduction of telephones, homing pigeons were used commercially to deliver communication. They are usually referred to as " pigeon post" if used in post service, or " war pigeon" during wars. In 2019 after sixty years a new world record was set in Netherlands for the fastest racing pigeon flight, distance flown 239 kilometers at speed above 143.262 kilometers per hour.īecause of this skill, domesticated pigeons were used to carry messages as messenger pigeons. Their average flying speed over moderate 965 km (600 miles) distances is around 97 km/h (60 miles per hour) and speeds of up to 160 km/h (100 miles per hour) have been observed in top racers for short distances. Flights as long as 1,800 km (1,100 miles) have been recorded by birds in competitive pigeon racing. The rock dove has an innate homing ability, meaning that it will generally return to its nest using magnetoreception. The homing pigeon, also called the mail pigeon or messenger pigeon, is a variety of domestic pigeons ( Columba livia domestica) derived from the wild rock dove, selectively bred for its ability to find its way home over extremely long distances. A modern day racing pigeon wearing an electronic timing ring
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